The paper concerns the results of the study of the soil cover the East coast of North Sakhalin lowlands in zone designed access road to oil fields. The main processes to degradations, the forms to their realization and distribution are described, the degree of the manifestation to degradations of soils by natural processes under influence two main factors – a fire and mechanical on-collapsing to surfaces of soil is explicated. Humus horizon of podzol slows the movement of surface water and increases its infiltration into the soil, it is the best available indicators of soil stability to water and wind erosion. Recommendations to reduce the technogenic impact on soil cover are suggested.