List of issues > Series «Biology. Ecology». 2017. Vol. 22
Effect of Herbicides on the Formation of Superoxide Anion Radicals and Hydrogen Peroxide in the Vacuolar Sap
The formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vacuoles of red beet root cells (Beta vulgaris L.) in the presence of various herbicides was studied. Unconditional activators of oxidative processes can be considered herbicides, such as 2.4-D (2.4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and diuron. In their presence, the content of both the superoxide anion radical (O2•–) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was increased. In the presence of other herbicides, either H2O2 was formed, as in the case of fluorodifene and clopyralide, or O2•–, as in the case of glyphosate. The formation of ROS caused by herbicides inhibited the recognized oxidoreductase inhibitors NaN3 and KCN. That could indicate the involvement of these enzymes to ROS generation. Model experiments with horseradish peroxidase subjected this assumption. The formation of H2O2 and O2•– in the presence of horseradish peroxidase was observed with herbicides such as fluorodifene and 2.4-D. The results showed that O2•– and H2O2 formed in vacuolar sap, indicating in the vacuoles the presence of redox systems capable of generating ROS and, in addition, the availability of systems capable of interacting with herbicides.
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