It is studied structural and functional disturbances of liver mitochondria during experimental atherosclerosis (135 days). It is showed, that in liver of experimental animals with hypercholesterolemia are occurred depression of mitochondrial respiration, which characterized by succinatdehydrogenase activity lovering, and glycogen storage depletion. This process accompanied by mitochondrial cryst fragmentation, swelling, destruction and vacuolization of these organelles. The obtained data allow us to suppose that mitochondrial dysfunction participates in dyslipoproteidemia development mechanisms.