рус eng
«IZVESTIYA IRKUTSKOGO GOSUDARSTVENNOGO UNIVERSITETA». SERIYA «BIOLOGIYA. ECOLOGIYA»
«THE BULLETIN OF IRKUTSK STATE UNIVERSITY». SERIES «BIOLOGY. ECOLOGY»
ISSN 2073-3372 (Print)

List of issues > Series «Biology. Ecology». 2025. Vol 52

To Assess the Environmental Conditions for the Cultivation of Prospective Fodder Crops on Saline Chestnut Soils of the Central Tuva Basin

Author(s)

B. V. Sanchay-Ool1, S. O. Kanzyvaa1, O. G. Lopatovskaya2

1 Tuva State University, Kyzyl, Russin Federation

2 Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russian Federation

Abstract
The problem of salinization is important for modern land use and requires special attention. On saline soils of Republic of Tyva, the species composition and its productivity is low. Identification of promising fodder crops that can be used for cultivation on saline soils of the republic is relevant. Three fodder crops were used in the field experiment at location on saline soils in the drysteppe zone of the Central Tuva Basin: sorghum, oat and pea. All three varieties are zoned. The chemical composition of soils on the site near Lake Dus-Khol (Svatikovo) was was determined previously. Phenological observations showed that summers were hot and dry, especially in the first half of the season, then with brief thunderstorms and in August warm and dry. Chestnut saline soils have low fertility, contain easily soluble salts, are characterized by the presence of potassium and sodium ions in the aqueous extract, and have an alkaline reaction of the medium. Biological productivity of dry aboveground mass is low. Humus is weak. In arid conditions of the steppe zone of Tuva, the successful cultivation of seeded perennial grasses is possible only under the condition of irrigation. In years with a favorable moisture content, leguminous plants dominate the seedbed, while in dry years, cereals predominate. The high accuracy of the observations and the homogeneity of the field conditions on the plots is confirmed by the similarity of the results in the repetition. Thus, growing agricultural plants in a continental climate with insufficient rainfall is a serious problem for the republic. The presence of soils containing easily soluble salts in concentrations toxic to plants also significantly affects plant productivity. The development of salinization management and ecosystem restoration is a priority, including the introduction of agronomic practices that contribute to improving soil health and maintaining biological diversity. The most productive on agricultural land in Tuva are cereals that are tolerant of arid conditions.
About the Authors

Sanchai-ool Belek-kis Vladimirovna, Postgraduate Tuva State University 9, Mongush Sata st., Kyzyl, 667010, Russian Federation e-mail: bele.san@mail.ru

Kanzvaa Svetlana Otuk-oolovna, Associate Professor Tuva State University 9, Mongush Sata st., Kyzyl, 667010, Russian Federation e-mail: kanzyvaa73@mail.ru 

Lopatovskaya Olga Gennagievna, Doctor of Science (Biology), Professor, Irkutsk State University 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation e-mail: lopatovs@gmail.com

For citation
Sanchay-Ool B.V., Kanzyvaa S.O., Lopatovskaya O.G. To Assess the Environmental Conditions for the Cultivation of Prospective Fodder Crops on Saline Chestnut Soils of the Central Tuva Basin. The Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Biology. Ecology, 2025, vol. 52, pp. 79-86. https://doi.org/10.26516/2073-3372.2025.52.79 (in Russian)
Keywords
saline soils, biocenoses, Tyva Republic, Dus-Khol Lake.
UDC
631.4(571.16)
DOI
https://doi.org/10.26516/2073-3372.2025.52.79
References
  1. Bondarev A.I., Kurbatskaya S.S., Arakchaa L.K. Rekomendatsii po adaptatsii sel'skogo khoyaistva Respubliki Tyva k izmeneniyu klimata [Recommendations for adapting agriculture in the Republic of Tyva to climate change]. Moscow, WWF Publ., 2011, 70 p. (in Russian) 
  2. Zasolennye pochvy Rossii [Saline soils of Russia]. Eds. Shishov L.L., Pankova E.I. Moscow, Akademkniga Publ., 2006, 854 p. (in Russian) 
  3. Lopatovskaya O. G., Sugachenko A. A. Melioratsia pochv. Zasolennye pochvy [Soil reclamation. Saline soils]. Irkutsk, Irkutsk St. Univ. Publ., 2010, 101 p. (in Russian) 
  4. Mongush L. T. Produktivnost' i izmenenie botanicheskogo sostava mnogoletnikh bobo-vozlakovykh travosmesei [Productivity and changes in the botanical composition of perennial legumecereal grass mixtures]. Herald of Ryazan State Agrotechnological University named after P.A. Kostychev, 2018, no. 3(39), pp. 53-57. (in Russian) 
  5. Ondar S.O. Pochvy Tuvy i ikh ratsional'noe ispol'zovanie [Soils of Tuva and their rational use]. Kyzyl, TuvIKOPR SB RAS Publ., 2005. 200 p. (in Russian) 
  6. Petruk V. A. Sravnitel'naya kharakteristika khimicheskogo sostava i produktivnosti seyanykh mnogoletnikh trav v stepnoi zone Tyvy i lesostepi Novosibirskoi oblasti [Comparative characteristics of the chemical composition and productivity of sown perennial grasses in the steppe zone of Tuva and the forest-steppe of the Novosibirsk region]. Bulletin of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, 2009, no. 1(9), pp. 5-9. (in Russian) 
  7. Kanzyvaa S.O., Chadamba N.D., Mongush S.D., Irgit Sh.A., Kuular E.A., Tulush A.Ju. Pitatel'nost' sena estestvennykh kormovykh ugodii Respubliki Tyva [Nutritional value of hay from natural fodder lands of the Republic of Tyva]. Izvestia Orenburg State Agrarian University, 2024, no. 6(110), pp. 48-55. (in Russian) 
  8. Shukis E.R., Volodin A.B., Shukis S.K., Drobyshev A.P. Realizatsiya produktivnogo potentsiala razlichnymi po skorospelosti sortoobraztsami sorgovykh kul'tur v usloviyakh Altaiskogo kraya [Realization of the productive potential of sorghum crop candidate varieties of different ripening duration under the conditions of the Altai region]. Bulletin of Altai State Agricultural University, 2020, no. 5(187), pp. 69-77. (in Russian) 
  9. Sambuu A.D. Zasolennye pochvy mezhgornykh kotlovin Yuzhnoi Sibiri (na primere Tuvy i Khakasii) [Saline soils of the intermountain basins of Southern Siberia: Candidate in Agricultural Sciences dissertation abstract]. Novosibirsk, 2015, 42 p. 
  10. Sanchay-Ool B.V., Lopatovskaya O. G. Sovremennoe sostoyanie pochv okolo mineralnykh istochnikov Respubliki Tyva [Current state of soils near mineral springs in the Republic of Tyva]. Innovatsionnye tekhnologii kak faktor razvitiya [Innovative technologies as a factor of development: Proc. Sci. Conf. Ufa, Russia]. Ufa, Bashkir St. Agr. Univ. Publ., 2024, pp. 321-324. 
  11. Shkatarzhik K.A. Geografiya Respubliki Tuva [Geography of Tuva Republic]. Kyzyl, Tuvinskoe knizhnoe izdatelstvo Publ., 1993, 128 p.

Full text (russian)