Lake Frolikha is one of most known lakes in mountainous parts of Baikal basin. It periodically investigates since the late 18th century. Thorough surveying was taken by expedition of Irkutsk University headed by prof. M.M. Kozhov in 1937. The aim of present paper is an analysis of biodiversity and structural characteristics of the main components of lacustrinal biota (phytoplankton, zooplankton, macrozoobenthos and fishes) based on the data of hydrobiological surveys and samples collected during the last decade of the 20th (September 1-3 1989 and July 1-5 1998) and at the beginning of the 21 century (August 5–15 2009). Biodiversity of phytoplanktonic algae in lake Frolikha at August 2009 was low. During the start of vegetation of summer species complex the 22 species and 2 varieties were registered. Most of species are fairly widespread, only rare is Pliocaenicus costatus. Algae biomass reached 97-120 mg/m³. We establish 10 species of planktonic crustaceans in main lake bed: 5 of rotatorians, 3 of copepods and 2 of cladocerans. The core of zooplanktocenosis do not alterated by comparison with the 1937 data, still dominated by Cyclops scutifer and Daphnia hyalina. At the same time Eudiaptomus graciloides in pelagic zone was replaced by Acanthodiaptоmus denticornis whish is more characteristis for shallow lakes. Average zooplankton abundance ranged from 3,04 to 8,91 thousand ind/m^-3 and average biomass from 0,062 to 0,211 g/m^-3. The current zoobenthos fauna includes 25 taxons of familial level and above. For 13 of them the species composition (118 species and forms) is established. Faunistic identity of profundal zone is determined by the presence of chironomid genus Sergentia dwelled also other large deep lakes of Baikal Rift Zone. We registered decline in the zoobenthos species diversity and some changes in the set of predominant taxons from littoral (0 to 8–10 m) to profundal (20 m to max) zone. The abundance and biomass of zoobenthos also lower accordingly the depth increase. We confirmed 12 fish species of 14 that noted previously as lake dwelling. The distinction of fish fauna is shaped by inhabitance of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). This species as well as burbot (Lota lota) and probably sand sculpin (Leocottus kesslerii) are key fish species in deeper parts of estuarian areas of main tributaries and in profundal zone. In narrow littoral zone of main lake bed and in the shallow outflow site of Frolikha River the perch and the roach are dominated. Results of surveillances obtained at the beginning of the 21 century do not display noticeable changeover since 1937, that bears the evidence to stable state of lacustrinal biota.

Matveev Arkadiy Nikolaevich, Doctor of Science (Biology), Professor, Head of Chair, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: matvbaikal@mail.ru 

Samusenok Vitaliy Petrovich, Candidate of Science (Biology), Associate Professor, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: samusenk@mail.ru 

Yuriev Anatoliy Leonidovich, Candidate of Science (Biology), Associate Professor, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: yuriev@bk.ru 

Vokin Aleksey Innokentyevich, Candidate of Science (Biology), Associate Professor, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: vokin@bk.ru 

Bondarenko Nina Aleksandrovna, Doctor of Science (Biology), Leading Research Scientist, Limnological Institute SB RAS, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, e-mail: nina@lin.irk.ru 

Rozhkova Natalya Anatolyevna, Candidate of Science (Biology), Senior Research Scientist, Limnological Institute SB RAS, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, e-mail: rozhkova@lin.irk.ru 

Sitnikova Tatiana Yakovlevna, Doctor of Science (Biology), Leading Research Scientist, Limnological Institute SB RAS, 3, Ulan-Batorskaya st., Irkutsk, 664033, Russian Federation, e-mail: nina@lin.irk.ru 

Erbaeva Engelsina Aleksandrovna, Candidate of Science (Biology), Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation 

Arov Igor Vadimovich Candidate of Science (Biology), Associate Professor, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: igarov@yandex.ru 

Misharina Evgenia Aleksandrovna, Candidate of Science (Biology), Associate Professor, Irkutsk State University, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: me603@mail.ru 

Tarakanova Ksenia Valeryevna, Irkutsk State University, Engineer, 1, K. Marx st., Irkutsk, 664003, Russian Federation, e-mail: tarakanova_kv@mail.ru 

Alekseyev Sergey Sergeevich, Doctor of Science (Biology), Senior Research Scientist, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology RAS, 26, Vavilov st., Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation; A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, 33, Leninski av., Moscow, 119071, Russian Federation, e-mail: alekseyev@mail.ru

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