On the basis of extensive data according to number and distribution of birds, obtained as a result of route counts for the latter 50 years, the classification of bird communities in Central Siberia is comprised and is examined. Zonal and landscape-biotope specificity of defined types of ornitocomplexes is determined. The basic natural and anthropogenic factors and hierarchy of their significance for the spatial differentiation of bird communities are established. The considered types of natural terrestrial ornithocomplexes have latitudinal boundaries that do not coincide with the zonal ones, and each of them, except for the mountain-tundra and Northern forest (middle taiga), occupies at least partially 2 neighboring natural zones. Each of these types is most widely distributed in just one subzone, depending on the biotope preferences of its constituent species, and penetrates southward through extra – and intrazonal landscapes. Only the meadow-field type penetrates far to the North (up to middle taiga) from the area of its continuous distribution (forest-steppe) due to intense solar radiation, hot summers, formation of new dry steppe (xerophytization) meadow vegetation, including the floodplain, so it can be considered as azonal one. Industrial-technogenic and southern residential types also have azonal distribution. Aquatic-nearaquatic types show the zonal distribution, but a little differently compared to the types of natural terrestrial communities. Tundra-forest-tundra type of aquatic-nearaquatic bird communities gives way to the Northern taiga, then to the medium-south one and then to the forest-steppe one. This change is determined not only by zonal and subzonal natural conditions, but also by more local hydrological conditions of water habitats. The most significant factors determining the formation of ornithocomplexes are afforestation and water cut in combination with latitudinal zoning and altitudinal zonation, as well as technogenic transformation of landscapes. Less significant are the distribution of stony rocks in the tundra and shrub and woody vegetation in meadow-field landscapes, the composition of forest-forming rocks and bogginess and the type of development of settlements.

Vartapetov Lev Gurgenovich, Doctor of Sciences (Biology), Deputy Director, Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, 11, Frunze st., Novosibirsk, 630091, Russian Federation, tel.: (383) 217–09–86, e-mail: lev@eco.nsc.ru 

Romanov Aleksey Anatolyevich, Doctor of Sciences (Biology), Professor, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, Leninskiye Gory, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation, tel.: (495) 939–47–17, e-mail: putorana05@mail.ru 

Shemyakin Evgeniy Vladimirovich, Junior Research Scientist, Institute for Biological Problems of Cryolithozone SB RAS, 41, Lenin av., Yakutsk, 677980, Russian Federation, tel.: (4112) 33–54–70, e-mail: shemyakine@mail.ru

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