Data on influence of ants on the steppe soils formation are given. Nests of the largest steppes species Formica candida (up to 5–7 nests per m² on chestnut, 8–11 on saline, and up to 10 on alkaline lands) are usually made in the form of gravel cone-shaped heaps with channels and chambers located in the near-surface soil. Volume of the soil brought out to the surface per 1 m² during one season amounts to 1,4 kg on alkaline lands, 0,6 on saline and 0,5 on chestnut soils. Total volume of channels in 0–10 cm layer is up to 3 000 см³ on alkaline lands, 1 000 см³ on saline lands and 700 см³ on chestnut soils. Burrowing activity of ant leads to increase of the soil porosity and its better aeration. Difference of the volume soil weight on different soils under and in some distance from the nests is 5–15 %.