Thedevelopment of plant peroral vaccines was possible at the creation of plant expression systems that have a row advantages in comparison to other ones such as inexpensive obtaining of plant-made vaccines, easier transfer to the possibility of commersion and scalability, safety due to the absence of mammalian pathogens, prions, transposons, dangerous viruses at the latent stage and others. There were considered pathways of the creation of preventive and therapeutics vaccines on the base of transgenic plants against dangerous virus diseases: HIV, hepatitis B, oncogenic papillomaviruses and another diseases. At the base of the creation of preventive vaccines, the formation of highly specific neutralizing antibody immune response is assumed that has very broad capture of virus epitops. The main principle of the development of therapeutics vaccines is established on the activation of T lymphocytes harboring domens CD8+ («killers») and CD4+ («helpers») resulted in the recognition of cancer cells and their apoptosis. During the activation of noncharged («naive») T lymphocytes, the dendritic cells from mucosal organ tissues and proteins of MHC (main histocompatibility complex) participate of both equal extent. A special attention was payed to methods of designes of genetic constructs provided the high expression of target genes and the synthesis of antigenic proteins. The methods of plant transfromation that are commercially most valuable, are developed in order to have the short time of the synthesis and the large amount of antigenic proteins without very expensive multisteps of isolation and purifying. The diverse abundance of plant viruses regulatory elements and different RNA virus replicases are evolved in the design of genetic constructs that allow the longest use of template RNA for more effective translation and higher yield of target antigenic proteins. For example, the replicase, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, antisilencers, «shunts» and «gaps» for ribosomes, leader sequences are used for theses purposes.