The aim of the study is to investigate the level of free circulating plasma mtDNA under experimental dislipoproteinaemia and adrenaline myocarditis. It was shown that under experimental dislipoproteinaemia (135 days) upon an increase in atherogenic coefficient and alanine aminotransferase, no difference was observed in the level of mtDNA between the control and experimental groups. In the animals having suffered adrenaline myocarditis characterized by an increase in the activity of cardiomyocyte damage biomarkers and the formation of inflammation in myocardium, a four-fold increase was recorded in the level of mtDNA as compared with the controls. Therefore, a rise in the level of plasma mtDNA is typical for acute cell damage that opens prospects of using the parameter in the development of diagnostic techniques and myocardium infarct prediction.