It is well known that UNESCO recognized Lake Baikal as the World Heritage Site, and «Ramsar Convention» recognized the Selenga River delta as the Wetlands of International Importance. In this relation, any projects of hydropower plants (HPP) constructing on the Selenga river and/or Selenga’s tributaries needs to be carefully considered. Taking into account the project of Shuren Hydropower Plant announced by Mongolia, we tried to consider possible negative consequences of projected dam on aquatic, riparian and coastal ecosystems and their biodiversity. As a result we supposed that potential affects very probably will be numerous, complicated and irreversible, causing serious negative consequences for Lake Baikal. This is the reason why any projects concerning dam constructing on Selenga and/or its tributaries should be examined very carefully. To provide sufficient energy supply in the region development of comprehensive roadmap is strongly required. Environmental issues targeted to protecting the unique and globally important Lake Baikal ecosystem should be declared as the necessary background for that roadmap.